Integration of rock physics models in a geostatistical. Seismic reflection terminations, also termed lapout, are stratal discontinuities recognized on seismic sections that separate apparently conformable sedimentary units from nonconformable units. This study deals with mapping small scale discontinuities hereinafter called rock fabric on 3d reflection seismic data. Seismic reflections of rock properties stanford rock. Lithology, porosity, pressure, saturation rock and fluid prediction away from well control requires understanding of how rock s bulk and seismic properties are linked to each other and how they vary with geologic age, depth, and location. Inversion and interpretation of seismicderived rock properties in the duvernay play ronald m. Seismic reflections of rock properties request pdf. Seismic shearwave splitting techniques have been used successfully to recover the symmetryplane orientation and the magnitude of the shearwave anisotropy. Inversion and interpretation of seismic derived rock properties in the duvernay play ronald m. Handbook of seismic properties of mineral, rocks and ores.
These seismic facies units are interpreted on the basis of reflection configuration, continuity, amplitude, frequency and interval velocity. A short course in seismic reflection profiling theory, wave propagation in layered media, data acquisition, processing, interpretation prof. Seismic reflections of rock properties this book provides an accessible guide to using the rock physicsbased forward modeling approach for mapping the subsurface, systematically linking rock properties to seismic amplitude. Us6654692b1 method of predicting rock properties from. These synthetic traces can then be compared to actual seismic traces from the field.
The seismic reflection method has been used extensively in mineral exploration and for imaging crustal structures within hardrock environments. Pdf inversion and interpretation of seismicderived rock. Reservoir imaging using low frequencies of seismic reflections gennady goloshubin, university of houston, texas, u. Reflection and refraction are the most commonly used seismic techniques. Synthetic seismic data is generated from the well log data and quantized into discrete synthetic data subcells based on rock propertypredictive seismic attributes of the synthetic seismic data. Seismic reflections of rock properties this book provides an accessible guide to using the rock physicsbased forward modeling approach for mapping the subsurface, systematically linking rock.
A variant of seismic reflection used at the surface of water bodies is subbottom profiling or imaging. This orientation and magnitude correlate with the subsurface fractures orientation and intensity. The emphasis of seismic exploration is on imaging techniques, so that seismic section can be interpreted directly as a geological section. Reservoir imaging using low frequencies of seismic reflections. Providing practical workflows, the book shows how to methodically vary lithology, porosity, rock type, and pore fluids and reservoir geometry, calculate the. In its most simple form, acoustic impedance logs are computed at each cmp. Request pdf seismic reflections of rock properties key global geophysical applications, such as prospecting for oil and gas, require interpretation of the. The emphasis of seismic exploration is on imaging techniques, so that seismic.
Measuring and modeling of p and swave velocities on. Request pdf seismic reflections of rock properties key global geophysical applications, such as prospecting for oil and gas, require interpretation of the seismic response from the subsurface. Participants will learn the uses of rock physics in interpreting the elastic properties of earth, as sensed by seismic radiation, for lithology. Seismic reflections of rock properties, dvorkin, jack. Lithologic interpretations of the earth crust from seismic wave velocities are nonunique so that inferences about composition can not be drawn. This is not based on any convincing theory but is roughly right when the effective pressure is high and the rock is fully saturated. Information from core figure 3, cuttings, and dfit.
Seismic reflection methods environmental geophysics us epa. Seismic reflections of rock properties semantic scholar. A synthetic seismic response from the green canyon model is generated to study the response from different reflectors in the gas hydrate province. These discontinuities, based on seismic reflection terminations, are indicators of depositional sequences and system tracts formed by one or more of. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading seismic reflections of rock properties. Key global geophysical applications, such as prospecting for oil and gas, require interpretation of the seismic response from the subsurface to assess rock properties and conditions behind the observed seismic reflection amplitude, and to create an accurate geological subsurface model. Providing practical workflows, the book shows how to methodically vary lithology, porosity, rock type, and pore fluids. E r e i i0 the square root of the above relationship is called reflection coefficient, r. Seismic reflection reveals what is under the surface. Integration of well log and seismic reflection data in reservoir modeling 5. Seismic techniques are commonly used to determine site geology, stratigraphy, and rock quality. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite. Rock and fluid prediction away from well control requires understanding of how rocks bulk and seismic properties are linked to each other and how they vary with geologic age, depth, and location.
Pdf seismic amplitude download full pdf book download. Pdf we present a workflow that integrates selforganized mapping classification results with rock physics based on well log data. Lithology, porosity, pressure, saturation rock and fluid prediction away from well control requires understanding of how rocks bulk and seismic. The seismic reflection method involves the analysis of reflected waves, which occur later in the seismic record. The book catalogs various cases, including clastic sediments, carbonates, and timelapse seismic monitoring, and discusses the effect of attenuation on seismic reflections. Pdf a workflow using selforganized mapping to predict. University printing house, cambridge cb2 8bs, united kingdom published in the united states of america by cambridge university press, new york. Seismic reflections rock properties solid earth geophysics.
Together these define the chances of a particular value at a particular location, and the expected geological scale and composition throughout the modeled area. Rock properties that affect seismic velocity 1 porosity. In order to evaluate how elastic properties of rock. Rock fabric and other properties such as stress anisotropy, intrinsic anisotropy of shales and faults, play a crucial role in understanding the behavior of fracture propagation during hydraulic stimulation. Reflection seismology or seismic reflection is a method of exploration geophysics that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the earths subsurface from reflected seismic waves. A computerimplemented method of predicting rock properties of a subsurface formation using reflection seismic data and well log data. Recovery 2011 cspg cseg cwls convention 1 workflows for integrated seismic interpretation of rock properties and geomechanical data. The general principle involves sending artificially generated acoustic waves down the water column and into the seafloor, where the different structures and. This book now provides an accessible guide to using the rock physicsbased forward modeling approach, systematically linking the properties and conditions of rock to the seismic amplitude. Rock fabric characterization using 3d reflection seismic. Reflection seismology or seismic reflection is a method of exploration geophysics that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the earths subsurface from reflected seismic. This inversion, called seismic inversion for reservoir. In other words, if we had drilled and logged wells at the cmps, what.
In case of i0, the ratio of the reflected energy of pwave, e r, to the incident energy, e i, is given by. At each iteration, and from the ensemble of rock properties generated during the first step of the proposed algorithm, the portions of these models. Seismic, well logs and other input data are each represented as a probability density function pdf, which provides a geostatistical description based on histograms and variograms. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite, a specialized air gun or a seismic vibrator, commonly known by the trademark name. This book provides an accessible guide to using the rock physicsbased forward modeling approach for mapping the subsurface, systematically linking rock. Seismic reflections of rock properties by jack dvorkin. Workflows for integrated seismic interpretation of rock. Vbulk v fluid vmatrix i i 1 1 where i is the porosity. The reflection seismic amplitude is an attribute related to the physical properties of.
Seismic reflections of rock properties kindle edition by dvorkin, jack, gutierrez, mario a. Aligned fractures induce anisotropy into rock mechanical properties. These techniques provide detailed information about subsurface. When we create sound at or near the surface of the earth, some energy will be re ected back bounced back. This procedure makes rapid, continuous reflection soundings of the units below. These techniques provide detailed information about subsurface layering and rock geomechanical properties using seismic acoustical waves. The seismic method makes use of the properties of the velocity of sound. This inversion, called seismic inversion for reservoir characterization, reads between the lines, or between reflecting interfaces, to produce detailed models of rock properties.
Application of the seismic reflection method in mineral. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. How to remotely map rock properties and conditions. Reflection and transmission of seismic waves in layered media at an interface between two rock layers there is generally a change in propagation velocity resulting from difference in physical. The study integrates eight wells targeting the haynesville and midbossier reservoirs. Forward modeling of seismic reflections for rock characterization 2. R1 are dimensionless functions of the mechanical properties of the fluid and.
In many ways, that summarizes the potential of interpreting seismic reflection ampli. Seismic attributes and pattern recognition wavelet transform with generalized beta wavelets for seismic timefrequency analysis zhiguo wang, bing zhang, jinghuai gao, qingzhen wang, and qing huo liu. We use seismic reflection as a method of geophysical exploration that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the earths subsurface from reflected seismic waves. Seismic shearwave splitting techniques have been used successfully to recover the symmetryplane orientation and the magnitude. Seismic reflection surveys provide superior location precision because they are related to changes in the elastic properties of rock across a lithologic interface. At such an interface, the energy within an incident seismic wave is partitioned into. It states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Participants will learn the uses of rock physics in interpreting the elastic properties of earth, as sensed by seismic radiation, for lithology, fluid, and porosity determination. The general principle involves sending artificially generated acoustic waves down the water column and into the seafloor. Basic principles of the seismic method tu delft ocw. The advantage of this technique is the ability to tow the seismic source on a sled or catamaran and to tow.
Implementation strategy for hardrock seismic reflection time add borehole surveys source testing 2d lines rock properties numerical simulations 3d survey and processing data integration collaborative. Rock properties from seismic well log data provides calibration for all subsequent seismic analysis, including interpretation of elastic properties, hti anisotropy and stress analysis. The handbook is a concise and thorough reference book of seismic properties of rocks ready to apply to interpretations of seismic reflection and refraction data. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite or tovex blast, a specialized air gun or a seismic vibrator, commonly known by the trademark name vibroseis. Seismic reflection terminations, also termed lapout, are stratal discontinuities recognized on seismic sections that separate apparently conformable sedimentary units from nonconformable units, forming the basis of seismic sequence stratigraphy. The principle objective of seismic inversion is to transform seismic reflection data into a quantitative rock property, descriptive of the reservoir.
Integrating surface seismic, microseismic, rock properties. Aaron micallef, in developments in earth surface processes, 2011. Introducing errors in a priori rock physics properties linearly shifted the estima. Integration of rock physics models in a geostatistical seismic.
This law is utilized in the seismic reflection method. Seismic reflection is a method of exploration geophysics that provides. Relationships between seismic attenuation and rock properties. A very rough rule due to wyllie is the so called time average relationship. Since it is possible to solve for the individual parameters using this new method, their interpretation is less ambiguous than that of and this is because. Seismic reflection an overview sciencedirect topics. Seismic reflection is a method of exploration geophysics that provides information about the subsurface structure of the seafloor. This book provides an accessible guide to using the rock physicsbased forward modeling approach for mapping the subsurface, systematically linking rock properties to seismic amplitude. Implementation strategy for hardrock seismic reflection time add borehole surveys source testing 2d lines rock properties numerical simulations 3d survey and processing data integration collaborative interpretation queensland exploration council technical forum 2018 innovative approaches to discovery.
The advantage of this technique is the ability to tow the seismic source on a sled or catamaran and to tow the line of hydrophones. Sequence stratigraphy sequence straigraphy is the study of rock units within a chronostratigrphic framework bounded by erosional surfaces, nondeposition, or conformities. Estimation of rock physics properties from seismic. Reflection and transmission of seismic waves in layered media at an interface between two rock layers there is generally a change in propagation velocity resulting from difference in physical properties of the two layers. In case of i0, the ratio of the reflected energy of pwave, e r, to the incident. Presented are the basics of rock physics as well as applications of rock physics at various scales from core to seismic. The reflection seismic data is also quantized into discrete.
Synthetic seismic data is generated from the well log data and. Seismic reflections of rock properties request pdf researchgate. In this research the seismic reflection method has been used. This velocity is di erent for di erent rocks and it is this di erence which is exploited in the seismic method. Hydrocarbon detection with avo disk 2 schlumberger. This book now provides an accessible guide to using the rockphysicsbased forward modeling approach, systemat. Rock fabric and other properties such as stress anisotropy, intrinsic anisotropy of shales.
642 919 726 1414 1431 1425 447 716 982 884 165 1312 479 283 1364 1500 338 717 1181 349 436 1026 382 1386 881 795 748 957 581 200 160 1411 1310 409 553 897 1020 1061 685 1336 887 1491 429 1153 1389 1418 1025